Position of the American Dietetic Association: Health implications of dietary fiber
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چکیده
Dietary fiber consists of the structural and storage polysaccharides and lignin in plants that are not digested in the human stomach and small intestine. A wealth of information supports the American Dietetic Association position that the public should consume adequate amounts of dietary fiber from a variety of plant foods. Recommended intakes, 20-35 g/day for healthy adults and age plus 5 g/day for children, are not being met, because intakes of good sources of dietary fiber, fruits, vegetables, whole and high-fiber grain products, and legumes are low. Consumption of dietary fibers that are viscous lowers blood cholesterol levels and helps to normalize blood glucose and insulin levels, making these kinds of fibers part of the dietary plans to treat cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Fibers that are incompletely or slowly fermented by microflora in the large intestine promote normal laxation and are integral components of diet plans to treat constipation and prevent the development of diverticulosis and diverticulitis. A diet adequate in fiber-containing foods is also usually rich in micronutrients and nonnutritive ingredients that have additional health benefits. It is unclear why several recently published clinical trials with dietary fiber intervention failed to show a reduction in colon polyps. Nonetheless, a fiberrich diet is associated with a lower risk of colon cancer. A fiber-rich meal is processed more slowly, which promotes earlier satiety, and is frequently less calorically dense and lower in fat and added sugars. All of these characteristics are features of a dietary pattern to treat and prevent obesity. Appropriate kinds and amounts of dietary fiber for the critically ill and the very old have not been clearly delineated; both may need nonfood sources of fiber. Many factors confound observations of gastrointestinal function in the critically ill, and the kinds of fiber that would promote normal small and large intestinal function are usually not in a form suitable for the critically ill. Maintenance of body weight in the inactive older adult is accomplished in part by decreasing food intake. Even with a fiber-rich diet, a supplement may be needed to bring fiber intakes into a range adequate to prevent constipation. By increasing variety in the daily food pattern, the dietetics professional can help most healthy children and adults achieve adequate dietary fiber intakes. Position of the American Dietetic Association: Health implications of dietary fiber INTRODUCTION Dietary fiber has demonstrated benefits for health maintenance and disease prevention and as a component of medical nutrition therapy. Except in certain therapeutic situations, dietary fiber should be obtained through consumption of foods. In addition to fiber, minimally processed fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole and high-fiber grain products provide micronutrients and nonnutritive ingredients that are essential components of healthful diets. Plant foods also may contain other nonnutritive components (eg, antioxidants, phytoestrogens) that have implications for health. A fiber-rich diet is lower in energy density, often has a lower fat content, is larger in volume, and is richer in micronutrients, all of which have beneficial health effects. By encouraging people to eat fiberrich plant foods, the dietetics professional can have a significant impact on the prevention and treatment of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes, as well as constipation. POSITION STATEMENT It is the position of the American Dietetic Association (ADA) that the public should consume adequate amounts of dietary fiber from a variety of plant foods.
منابع مشابه
Position of the American Dietetic Association: health implications of dietary fiber.
It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that the public should consume adequate amounts of dietary fiber from a variety of plant foods. Populations that consume more dietary fiber have less chronic disease. In addition, intake of dietary fiber has beneficial effects on risk factors for developing several chronic diseases. Dietary Reference Intakes recommend consumption of 14 g d...
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تاریخ انتشار 2002